Crème Brûlée (Crème brûlée) — Classic Vanilla Custard with Caramelized Sugar
Crème brûlée is a classic French dessert of chilled baked vanilla custard finished with a brittle burnt-sugar crust. The pleasure is in the contrast between cool, silky cream and warm, glassy caramel.

Printable Recipe Card
Servings: 6 · Total: 60 min · Difficulty: medium
Ingredients (quick list)
- 600 ml heavy cream
- 1 vanilla bean (split lengthwise and seeds scraped)
- 5 large egg yolks
- 100 g caster sugar
- 1 g fine sea salt
Steps (summary)
- Heat the oven to 150°C. Set 6 shallow 150 ml ramekins in a deep roasting pan, leaving space between them so hot water can circu…
- Pour the cream into a saucepan and add the scraped vanilla seeds and the split vanilla pod. Warm over medium-low heat until the…
- Whisk the egg yolks, 100 g caster sugar, and salt in a bowl for 60 seconds until the mixture is smooth and slightly paler. Do n…
- Remove the vanilla pod from the warm cream. Slowly pour the cream into the yolk mixture in a thin stream while whisking constan…
- Divide the custard evenly among the ramekins. Pour hot water into the roasting pan until it reaches halfway up the sides of the…
- Bake for 35 to 40 minutes, until the custards are set at the edges but still tremble slightly in the center when the pan is nud…
+ 1 more steps in the full instructions section below.
Cultural Background
Associated with French restaurant and bistro dessert traditions, crème brûlée showcases the French love of precise custards and caramel work. Its dramatic cracked sugar top makes it a favorite finale for celebratory meals.
Equipment
💡 Tips
- Use shallow ramekins, about 2.5 cm deep, for the best ratio of brittle caramel to creamy custard.
- Straining the custard removes chalazae, cooked egg flecks, and vanilla pod fibers for a smoother texture.
- Caramelize the sugar only at serving time, because the crust softens after 20 to 30 minutes in the refrigerator.
⚠️ Common Mistakes
❌ Boiling the cream before tempering the yolks
✅ Fix: Warm the cream to about 75°C and pour it slowly into the yolks while whisking constantly.
❌ Baking until the centers are fully firm
✅ Fix: Remove the custards when the edges are set and the centers still wobble gently, because carryover heat finishes the set.
❌ Adding the sugar crust too early
✅ Fix: Torch the sugar immediately before serving so the caramel remains crisp and glassy.
🧊 How to Store
Refrigerate baked custards, covered, for up to 3 days before adding the sugar crust. Do not freeze, as the custard can separate. Once brûléed, serve within 30 minutes for the crispest caramel.
📅 Make Ahead
Bake and chill the custards up to 3 days in advance. Keep them covered in the refrigerator, then add and torch the sugar topping only when ready to serve.
🍽️ Pairs Well With
- Fresh raspberries
- crisp butter biscuits
- espresso
- Sauternes
- lightly sweetened whipped cream.
Regional Variations
- Catalan crema catalana uses milk, citrus, and cinnamon and is traditionally thickened on the stovetop.
- Some French versions perfume the cream with orange zest, coffee, or lavender instead of plain vanilla.
- British burnt cream is a related custard with a caramelized sugar top and historical ties to Cambridge.
Ingredients
- 600 mlheavy cream
- 1vanilla bean (split lengthwise and seeds scraped)
- 5large egg yolks
- 100 gcaster sugar
- 1 gfine sea salt
🔄 Substitutions
- vanilla bean→ 10 ml pure vanilla extract
- caster sugar→ 100 g granulated sugar pulsed briefly in a food processor
- heavy cream→ 450 ml heavy cream plus 150 ml whole milk
Instructions
- 1
Heat the oven to 150°C. Set 6 shallow 150 ml ramekins in a deep roasting pan, leaving space between them so hot water can circulate evenly.
- 2
Pour the cream into a saucepan and add the scraped vanilla seeds and the split vanilla pod. Warm over medium-low heat until the cream reaches 75°C and small bubbles appear at the edge, then remove it from the heat and let it infuse for 10 minutes.
- 3
Whisk the egg yolks, 100 g caster sugar, and salt in a bowl for 60 seconds until the mixture is smooth and slightly paler. Do not whip in excess air, because bubbles make the finished custard grainy and uneven on the surface.
- 4
Remove the vanilla pod from the warm cream. Slowly pour the cream into the yolk mixture in a thin stream while whisking constantly, then strain the custard through a fine sieve into a jug.
- 5
Divide the custard evenly among the ramekins. Pour hot water into the roasting pan until it reaches halfway up the sides of the ramekins, taking care not to splash water into the custard.
- 6
Bake for 35 to 40 minutes, until the custards are set at the edges but still tremble slightly in the center when the pan is nudged. Remove the ramekins from the water bath, cool for 30 minutes at room temperature, then refrigerate uncovered for 4 hours before covering.
- 7
Just before serving, sprinkle 50 g caster sugar evenly over the chilled custards, using about 8 g per ramekin. Caramelize with a kitchen torch until the sugar melts, bubbles, and turns deep amber, then let the crust harden for 2 minutes before serving.
🪪 Recipe Passport
Cultural Background
Associated with French restaurant and bistro dessert traditions, crème brûlée showcases the French love of precise custards and caramel work. Its dramatic cracked sugar top makes it a favorite finale for celebratory meals.
Regional Variations
Researched from multiple sources and validated by the Zaffaron editorial team. Every recipe is tested for accuracy, measurements, and cultural authenticity.
📚 Sources & Cultural References
- Prosper Montagné — Larousse Gastronomique — (2009)
- Alan Davidson — The Oxford Companion to Food — (2014)
Sources cited by the Zaffaron editorial team during recipe research. Cultural and culinary references supporting authenticity claims.
Nutrition per serving
Pairs well with
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